Friday, May 28, 2010

An end to racism.











Racism is currently a problem around the world. According to the World Values Survey by the University of Michigan, which studied 35,000 people from 96 nations, probably about 18% of people would not want someone of a different race as a neighbor. While this does not account for other levels of racism, such as the willingness to marry someone of another race, it is a salient indicator.

People express racism in many ways.

One is violence and killing people because of hatreds. There are too many sources to cite, but I found that deaths due to race-based violence have numbered about 500,000 per year and about 1,000,000 have been displaced per year over the last ten years.

Another is the tyrannizing of racial minority children in schools systems. According to a 2009 United Nations study many minority children had their identities demeaned or repressed in classrooms or in school materials and were discriminated against by school institutions, in one country teachers can be arrested for mentioning a minority culture, some populations of minority children are segregated and others are not provided equal government funding; due to the lack of social support, they have lower graduation rates and achieve less overall academic success than majority students, and are more likely to be trafficked or abused for child labor.

A third in many countries in the World is discrimination against social opportunities, hiring rates, fair wages, 850,000 people are robbed of their right to their own lives and enslaved by people from other parts of the world every year according to the U.S. Department of State, hate propoganda, slander, scorn, and abuse which I found documented across countless news articles and in the Non-Governmental Organization report to the United Nations World Conference Against Racism

A fourth is discrimination that expresses itself in governmental relations: According to an N.P.R. report that 2009 Conference, which was hosted by the U.N., proved the need for itself and it also proved humankind's current inability to cooperate because of racial tensions as several countries boycotted the event because they did not want to discuss the proposed subjects, dozens threatened to boycott the conference unless changes were made to the proposal, a hate speech was given by a national leader who was applauded by delegates of numerous other countries, not a single contentious issue was directly addressed, no decisions to take action were agreed on by the assembly and the entire proposal for action from the 2001 Conference was thrown aside.

Lastly, the American Psychological Association, speaking at the Conference, said that "We strongly believe that respect for the inherent dignity and well-being of each member of the human family is the psychological foundation of freedom, human justice, and peace in the world."

So if there is a solution to racism, it needs to be applied.

Is this problem solvable, and if so how?

Science has found the cause of racism. Several observations have shown that animals form a peer group with whom they feel safe based on their experiences that aspects of them do not mean that they are unsafe, and they fight off unfamiliar members of their species because they are unknown; this is the cause of prejudice. According to a joint study from the Central Institute of Mental Health at the University of Heidelberg and the Mediterranean Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience children with Williams syndrome, who lose 26 genes that form the capacity to recognize social threats, form no racial stereotypes regardless of how prejudiced the people they are raised by are.

Studies have found that prejudices can be overcome. A study from Brown University found that racist people who worked through a program to learn to recognize the faces of individual people from other races showed a reduced racial bias, suggesting that seeing people as individuals is part of the solution. A study from Dartmouth College found that people are capable of recognizing and opposing racist thoughts when confronted about them but are incapable of forming complex thoughts while doing so and suggested that the brain is capable of forming positive associations with people of all races; the first part is probably because they have not overcome the prejudice yet. Finally, a study from the University of Toronto, whose found that people only mentally mimick to learn things from people from their peer group, mentioned above, and do not learn things from people not in that group such as people from other races, but that having a single conversation with a person from that race added them to their peer group and they began learning things from them; this is probably the same mental block found by the researchers at Dartmouth.

This solution is practicable. A study by the United States National Bureau of Economic Research found that randomly assigned room-mates of different races are as likely to become friends with each other as room-mates of the same race, and not only that but the students with a room-mate of a different race had more friends of their room-mate's race than those whose room-mates were not of that race. A study by a professor at Andrews University who has also been an interracial counselor and trainer for fifteen years found that people in interracial marriages face a challenge in understanding each other's cultural points of view but that those difficulties can be overcome to form partnerships that are at least as successful as same-race ones if each has a strong sense of independence (a characteristic not identified as important in any studies of successful marriages that focus largely on same-race marriages, probably because same-race couples do not have to be as aware of themselves and their cultural preferences) and if they take longer to court each other than same-race couples, also to undertake understanding each other's cultures. 

Terrifyingly, no academic vision exists of what the world would be like without racism, so I strongly urge you to consider for yourselves what it will be.






I suggest watching this video as an artistic accompaniment to these statistics:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7q5Kiwdj2EY

4 comments:

  1. "Absence of racial, but not gender, stereotyping in Williams syndrome children.” Current Biology. http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(10)00144-2. 13th April 2010. Print and web.

    “Empathy constrained: Prejudice predicts reduced mental simulation of actions during observation of outgroups” University of Toronto.
    http://198.81.200.2/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WJB-4YPPR8Y-2&_user=10&_coverDate=03/27/2010&_rdoc=20&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236874%239999%23999999999%2399999%23FLA%23display%23Articles)&_cdi=6874&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=25&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=8684823e7511a48b4ac95e211a0f8af1. 2009. Web.

    “The good, the bad, and the ugly: An fMRI investigation of
    the functional anatomic correlates of stigma.” Dartmouth College. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~bil/pubs/krendl_2006_SN.pdf. 2006. Web.

    “Interracial Friendships in College.” United States National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/authors/braz_camargo. May 2010. Web.

    “Intervention of the American Psychological Association to the World Conference Against Racism.” The American Psychological Association. http://www.apa.org/pi/oema/programs/racism/un-conference-plenary.aspx. 2009. Web.

    “Perceptual other-race training reduces implicit racial bias.” Public Library of Science ONE; study by researchers at Brown and Victoria Universities. http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0004215 . January 2009. Web.

    “Study on the effects of racial discrimination on the children of minorities and
    those of migrant workers in the fields of education, training and employment.” Office of the Secretary-General of the United Nations. http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/34000d87a9ba18e0802568cd00332053?Opendocument. 2009. Web.

    “Two Cultures: One Marriage.” Andrews University Press. http://dialogue.adventist.org/articles/10_2_smith_e.htm. 1996. Print and summarized on the web.

    “The UN World Conference Against Racism.” National Public Radio. http://www.npr.org/programs/specials/racism/index.html. September 2009. Web.

    “World Values Survey.” University of Michigan. http://www.wvsevsdb.com/wvs/WVSAnalizeSample.jsp. 2008. Print and web.

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  2. A further point: out of the 96 countries in the World Values Survey, the United States was the fifth least racist.

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